![]() We used these modeled relationships to predict occurrence of gaur, sambar, and banteng across each square km of the 19,000 km 2 WEFCOM landscape, using > 60 % occupancy probability to define suitable habitat use for each species. Banteng were found in only one of 17 protected areas (Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary), where they used low elevations and low slopes. Habitat use by both gaur and sambar was lowest in areas closest to human settlements, although sambar preferred lower slopes near streams whereas gaur preferred steeper slopes at higher elevations. To better understand factors affecting prey distribution in Thailand’s Western Forest Complex (WEFCOM), we conducted sign surveys for gaur (Bos gaurus), banteng ( Bos javanicus), and sambar ( Rusa unicolor) along 3517 1-km transects and used occupancy models to identify important covariates associated with habitat use by each species. Tiger populations are declining globally, and depletion of major ungulate prey is an important contributing factor.
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